Heart Attack Warning Signals
By Lord Dr Paul Martin (HonDSc), WKA World Vice President
What You Need to Know
Heart attacks rarely happen “out of the blue.” In many cases, the body gives us warning signals days, weeks, or even months in advance. The challenge is that these signals can be subtle, easy to dismiss, or mistaken for something less serious. Understanding them—and acting quickly—can make the difference between life and death (NHS, 2023).
Why Early Recognition Matters
In the UK, someone is admitted to hospital with a heart attack every five minutes (British Heart Foundation, 2024). A heart attack occurs when blood flow to part of the heart muscle is blocked, often by a clot in a coronary artery. Without oxygen, heart tissue begins to die within minutes. The sooner treatment is received, the better the chances of survival and recovery (NHS, 2023). Recognising early warning signals empowers us to act swiftly and seek medical care before irreversible damage occurs (Mayo Clinic, 2023).
Classic Warning Signals
The most well-known signs of a heart attack are dramatic, but they don’t always look like they do in movies. Still, it’s important to recognise these classic symptoms (NHS, 2023; BHF, 2024):
- Chest pain or pressure
- Pain radiating to the arm, shoulder, or back
- Shortness of breath
- Cold sweats
- Nausea or lightheadedness
Subtle and Less Recognized Signals
Not every heart attack shouts its arrival. Some whisper. These quieter signs are particularly common in women, older adults, and people with diabetes (BHF, 2024; NHS, 2023): fatigue, disturbed sleep, indigestion-like discomfort, jaw/neck pain, or a general sense of unease.
Gender Differences in Symptoms
Research shows men often present with chest pain, while women may report shortness of breath, nausea, and fatigue without chest discomfort (NHS, 2023).
What to Do if You Notice the Signals and how to prevent it?
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